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Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... Qualitative Content Analysis Structural Equation Modelling Discourse Analysis Survey Narrative Panel Modelling Conceptual Framing From these journals, three papers have been selected for a more detailed review. The papers selected were chosen as they used social media as a research platform. The decision to focus on social media papers was made as never before has such a rich vein of potential data been available to sport management researchers. Social media presents researchers with a tool to provide ...
Theoretical Developments in Sport Management*
... (2), Journal of Sport Management (2), and Sport Management Review (2). 2. Advances in theoretical developments in sport management Brown-Devlin et al. (2021) adopt presence theory—a sense you are with others while interacting through virtual and social media; and social identity theory—the self-categorization and membership individuals seek and recognize; in their survey design study of global social TV usage during the 2018 Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang South Korea. These theoretical ...
Sport Communication
... which this section of the issue focuses. Nine articles from these two journals, representing the work of 43 authors from 20 different universities, are summarized in this issue. Of the nine articles, five covered media representation (TV, print, and social media) of disability, mental illness, and women in sport. Four articles dealt with media consumption behaviour of (a) television viewers (activities while viewing televised sports), and (b) college and professional football players and fans (consumption ...
Sport Management Communications
... mediatization, sport fan-ship, media portrayal, sport and politics, sport media and doping, and occupation and the work environment. The specific topic areas that the field’s scholars researched under each theme are listed below: - Media content creation: social media sources in online articles on sport, uncivil discourse in sports blog comment sections, sports newsrooms versus in-house media reporting in news and match coverage, the effect of gender in reporting on the NFL, and the effect of statistics ...
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... collegiate athlete endorsement also served as the background for the recent burgeoning academic interest in athlete branding. In the first paper, Cocco et al. (2023) examined the effects of personal branding factors and institutional factors on the potential social media NIL value of men’s and women’s college basketball athletes. Through a linear regression analysis with data collected from the Instagram accounts of the athletes prior to the start of the NIL era in college athletics, the study confirmed ...
Sport Communication
... published in these issues can be broadly classified into six overarching groups, each encompassing a variety of articles that touch upon different facets of the sports communication domain. The themes identified from the articles cover areas such as social media and athlete representation, media framing and sports journalism, digital and social media education in sports, fan behavior and online communities, impact of technology and innovation in sports, and sociocultural aspects and identity in sports....
Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... that multiple sponsors as well as the sponsee integrate resources beyond the sponsorship contract, which include management competencies, technical competencies, networking skills, innovative ideas, and products and services. Extractives Companies’ Social Media Portrayals of Their Funding of Sport for Development in Indigenous Communities in Canada and Australia This paper was published in the journal of Communication & Sport by Latino and colleagues and explored how the extractive industry (mining,...
Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... becoming more globalised. To maximize its chances at its home-hosted Winter Olympic Games, the Chinese government authorized many foreign-born athletes to gain Chinese citizenship to compete for China. The authors of this study explored how Chinese social media users perceived foreign-born athletes during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. With the popularity of social media, the authors decided to utilise social media content to understand the social identity issues of different groups. According ...
Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... Sport and Initial Mental Health Public Disclosure Narratives (Elsey et al., 2023) Despite the routine of disclosing reasons for absences from professional sporting career activities to the media (e.g. press statements, media interviews, team websites, social media posts), there is a general absence of disclosure as soon as the reasons relate to mental health concerns. Indeed, players seem to struggle to define, describe, and conceptualise their mental health issues whilst maintaining privacy when undergoing ...
Sport Management Communications
... classified but inter-related topic areas. These include gender representation in media coverage, race and sport media, the profession of sport journalism, media coverage of concussion, mega/major-events and media coverage, forms of communications in sport, social media use in sport, and social psychology and sport media. The specific topic areas that the field’s scholars researched under each theme are listed below: Gender representation in media coverage: gender representation at the 2018 Winter Olympic ...
Sport Management Ethics and Integrity
... engage in such a debate in this review. The term ethics is used expansively to include but not limited to: a) a meta-ethical dimension involving deciding what is right, wrong, duty, responsibility, and obligation (e.g., moral reasoning and justification, social responsibility); and b) applied ethics (normative ethics) where scholars apply a set of reference points to make moral justifications (i.e., applying principles, rules, virtues to resolve specific sport moral problems) (Frankena, 1973; Nash, 2002)....
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... different approaches to examining leadership as well as positioning certain groups as leaders or through a leadership lens to further understand sport and societal phenomena. For example, Read and Lock (2022) used image repair theory combined with the social identity approach to leadership as a way to explore sport organizations’ communication and response to societal crises, namely, the National Football League (NFL) players’ U.S. national anthem protests. Swanson et al. (2022) conducted a study,...
Sport Leadership
... different approaches to examining leadership as well as positioning certain groups as leaders or through a leadership lens to further understand sport and societal phenomena. For example, Read and Lock (2022) used image repair theory combined with the social identity approach to leadership as a way to explore sport organizations’ communication and response to societal crises, namely, the National Football League (NFL) players’ U.S. national anthem protests. Swanson et al. (2022) conducted a study,...
Sport Management Ethics and Integrity
... in Communication & Sport, International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, Journal of Sport Management, and Journal of Global Sport Management. Three topics were examined under the umbrella topic of Ethics and Sport Integrity including corporate social responsibility (CSR), corruption, and racism. Fourteen different authors (one authored three different papers) from three different countries (Belgium, Portugal, and United States of America) and from seven affiliations (Ghent University, Lisbon ...
Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... rugby league players in Australia. The foundation of the study is based on Australian society’s “fair go” principle which suggests that everyone is entitled to fairness by way of shared opportunity. This includes education, health, as well as social security and underpins a society that is not characterised by differences in wealth and living standards (Herscovitch, 2013). In relation to the national anthem protests among Indigenous rugby players, the article focussed on two key moments: (1) ...
Theoretical Developments in Sport Management
... Resource-pendency theory Dynamic capabilities Urban governance Public policy Institutional theory Multiple streams framework Soft power in sport Soft power Inter-organisational theory Stewardship theory Gender equality Inequality regimes Media depiction of social issues Social cognitive theory (mass communication) and framing theory Fans behaviour Interpersonal behaviour theory Violence prevention Feminist understandings of violence prevention Impact of corruption on sport demand Systematic corruption ...
Sport Communication
... Mental health and sport media: Kevin Love in NBA, and DeMar DeRozan and Royce White in NBA. - Mega-events and media coverage (the Olympics and FIFA World Cup): TV and the 2018 Winter Games, 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics, and usage of social TV (a second screen) during the 2018 Winter Olympic Games. - Race and sport media: racial inequality in college sport leadership, sport media and racial bias towards athlete transgressors, cyber racism toward Black athletes, sports talk radio hosts ...
Sport Governance and Policy
... to take specific situations and circumstances into account when dealing with this intrusive urine sample collection process. Using the advocacy coalition framework, Chatzopoulos (2022) analysed the role of sport policy as an instrument for fostering social integration amongst female migrants in Copenhagen. The author specifically focused on a local swimming club which offered gender-segregated swimming lessons for migrant children and young people, and highlighted the efforts made by various stakeholders ...
Research Methodologies in Sport Management
... study of the Sydney Sixers, a sport organization that fields teams in both of Australia’s top-flight domestic cricket competitions: The Women’s and Men’s Big Bash Leagues (WBBL and BBL, respectively), was employed. In line with the authors’ social constructivist approach, data were collected through multiple methods: semi-structured interviews, observation, and shadowing. According to the authors, the gathering of multiple and complementary types of data is consistent with other sport management ...
Sport Communication
... sport and politics, the impacts of COVID-19, race, and the significant role of mega-events in media stories. The third issue (Issue #3) continued with gender representation, the challenges for sport journalists, and the complex interactions between social media and sport psychology. The fourth issue (Issue #4) turned its attention to media content creation, the influence of media on sport, fan culture, and ethical concerns around doping and politics in sport. The latest issue (Issue #5) covered ...
Sport Leadership
... (2022) examined a Collaborative Global Leadership Program (CGLP) between a South Korean sports organization, the Korea Foundation for the Next Generation Sports Talent (NEST) and a U.S. university. Using Bourdieu and Passeron’s (2000) work on how social minorities can gain standing through acquiring forms of capital, Nam et al. (2022) used a case study approach to investigate the CGLP. Nam et al. (2022) used a mix of qualitative data, including interviews with participants, and qualitative document ...
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... already attracted significant scholarly attention in the past two years, as indicated by the ESMQ (2022, 22 (1)) special issue themed “Sport and COVID-19”. In the first article, Boehmer & Harrison (2022), seek to examine whether and how corporate social irresponsibility would affect a brand during a worldwide health crisis like Covid-19 by using Adidas’ announcement to withhold rent payments in Germany as an example. More specifically, the authors estimated the causal impact of Adidas’ social ...
Geography of sport management research
... knowledge production in the field and an opportunity to critically reflect on how relevant our research is to other studies within the growing academic field of SM. Furthermore, it alerts us of the potential for eurocentrism when, as is all too common, social science theories generated in the West are applied directly to other cultures (Henry, 2007). We embarked on the analysis of the geography of SM research by coding each of the 149 empirical studies that the 10 top SM journals published in the second ...
Sport Governance and Policy
... those who are in governance positions and endorse the status quo. Chen et al. (2021) carried out a policy documents analysis, intending to explore whether there was a policy legacy – in addition to other commonly known legacy aspects (e.g., economic, social, environmental legacies) – associated with the staging of the Olympics. They argued that China was an interesting case, in the sense that China was the first country to host all versions of the Olympics within a 15-year period (Beijing 2008 Summer ...
State of Sport Management Research in the second half of 2023 (July - December): An Overview
... key words, 87 met the threshold of occurring more than 5 times. The size of the word indicates its weight. Figure 8 also helps to see the distance between two words where the higher the distance the lesser the connectedness. For example, the word ‘social media’ dominated in the research published, followed by ‘gender’, ‘Covid-19’, ‘sport policy’ and ‘e-sports’. As figure 8 reveals, the words ‘social media’ are closely connected to ‘women’, ‘public relations’ and ‘nationalism’,...
Sport Leadership
... dimensions of community capacity framework utilised in the study is that the relationship between components is generally not addressed. For example, it could be that leadership facilitates other multidimensional components of community capacity such as social relations, structures for community dialogue, value systems, civic participation, and learning cultures (Edwards, 2015; Swanson et al., in press). Future leadership should look to explore the direction of influence amongst these components of community ...
Sport Governance and Policy
... international relations. Together, these papers have underscored the importance of examining policy/governance functions and effects in a particular context, and linked issues and concerns examined in the context of sport to its implication at broad social, economic and/or cultural levels. Within those studies that have indicated their philosophical perspectives, the majority rest on the philosophical position of critical realism, and only one study positions itself within the interpretative paradigm....
Sport Management Ethics and Integrity
... authors conclude that the SGBs are primarily engaged with impression management rather than tackling ingrained racism in an effective way. Online hate Online hate in sports is a significant issue that has gained prominence in recent years. The advent of social media and online platforms has provided a forum for fans and supporters to express their opinions and emotions. While these platforms can be beneficial for promoting team and individual brands, they have also become breeding grounds for hate speech,...
Sport Management Ethics and Integrity
... approval was weaker than scholars or journalists had reported. She accounts for this finding on two substantive grounds. Firstly, that people of colour, who may not support the action, felt compelled to show solidarity with Black protesters. Secondly, that social desirability bias led others who disapproved of the protests to keep their views to themselves out of concern for seeming out of step with mainstream liberal opinion. Mueller’s work helps to problematise dominant narratives in respect of how ...
Sport Economics
... Humphreys (2022) review the literature on outcome uncertainty and demand, discussed below. More recently papers on demand for sport have included the effects of “star power” and environmental issues like the effect of air pollution on attendance. Social issues like players standing (or not) for the pre-game national anthem on National Football League (NFL) (Sperling and Vandegrift, 2022). The sports economics papers published over the past six months have reflected both the inclusion of a broader ...
State of Sport Management Research in the first half of 2023 (January - July)
... Collins, Anna Gerke & David M. Herold International Journal of Sport Marketing & Sponsorship, 2023, 24 (1) Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Sport Marketing Antonio Williams, Natasha Brison, Ann Pegoraro International Journal of Sport Communications 2023 Social Media and Sport Communication: Critiquing the Scholarship Gashaw Abeza and Jimmy Sanderson Sport management research continues to asserts its conceptual and practical appeal to policy makers, practitioners and various public and private bodies ...
Sport Governance and Policy
... dominant discourse that NGBs were perpetuating was ‘we are doing something’, ‘we have ticked the box’. Spurdens and Bloyce concluded that most NGBs have developed little policy to support structural transformation for the LGBT community from a social justice approach. Their work is important as it highlights the need for greater attention to be paid to the policies and practices of NGBs in promoting equality, diversity, and inclusion for the LGBT+ community. It also underscores the importance ...
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... such as Esports and environment continuing to grow. With respect to sport sponsorship, articles continued to be published on topic areas related to sponsorship mechanisms, sponsorship effectiveness, sponsorship evaluation, ambush marketing, corporate social responsibility (CSR), etc. Table 1. Selected Publication in Sport Marketing and Sponsorship Areas Topics Author(s) Quantity Sport marketing (31) Athlete branding Liu, Baker III & Leopkey (2003) 1 Brand communication Sears, Cianfrone & Kellison ...
Sport Management Ethics and Integrity
... of researchers engaged in this work. The use of critical theories, initially developed in sociology, law and philosophy, demonstrate an eagerness by scholars to deploy powerful interpretive tools to understand their data and to engage in efforts at social transformation in sport and wider society. While thematic analysis remains popular as an analytic technique, there is also evidence of researchers using newer methodologies, such as big data and AI, as well. Annotated Bibliography Brömdal, A.,...
State of Sport Management Research in the second half of 2022 (July-December)
... the funding behind the research, the list of public, commercial and charitable organisations who have offered grants is long and very impressive. Amongst the main funding agencies are the Horizon European Union Framework Programme for Research, the Social Sciences And Humanities Research Council Of Canada (SSHRC), the International Olympic Committee, FIFA, various governmental agencies, German Olympic Sports Confederation, ERASMUS, Australian government and Sport Canada, among others. It is worth ...
Sport Leadership
... national board level to the leadership capacity across a federal network (inter-board). Similar to the previously noted shared leadership, O’Boyle and colleagues integrated collective leadership in their framework. Collective leadership spawns from a social construction of leadership approach (Billsberry et al., 2018) while also spanning a multilevel process approach to leadership (Welty Peachey et al., 2015), and along with previous leadership research on governing boards in Australia, provided a ...
Geography of Sport Management Research in 2022
..., MMA, e-sport and so on. A rough coding showed that the most common topics examined were related to fans (18.3%), business/economics (18.3%), followed by attendance/viewership (11.1%), race/gender/ethnicity (10.3%), media presentation/communication/social media (9.6%), on-field performance (7.9%), referee/coach/manager/owner (7.2%), marketing (6.3%), athlete (5.6%), politics (3.2%) and others (2.4%). Sport events : this domain includes both sport mega-/major-events, mass participant sport events ...
Sport Leadership
... coaches hiring central position coaches) and the role that race plays in this process. To this end, the authors drew from homologous reproduction theory, which postulates that managers are more likely to promote individuals most similar to their own social and physical characteristics. In summary, while minority head coaches were not generally found to be more likely to move Black position coaches into central positions, over time, the analysis indicated that this indeed became the case. However,...
State of Sport Management Research in 2021: An Overview
... West Virginia University 10 (3) Spain 11 (2) China 9 (2) Ninety-seven agencies including research councils, governments, charities and commercial companies funded research published in the ten journals. The greatest number of studies were funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada which provided grants for 6 projects on which these were based. The spectrum of funding sources also includes major sport organisations such as the International Olympic Committee, UEFA, Sport ...
Sport Leadership
... in and around sport can be sporadic in nature. With one article for the current issue, it appears that an overarching trend for sport leadership research is that topics come in clusters. Much of the recent research has focused on shared leadership, social construction of leadership, and the intersection of leadership with groups or organizations around the world. As such, the current edition will review the work of Kang and Svensson (2023a) and then present a recap of sport leadership research from ...
State of Sport Management Research in the first half of 2022 (January-June): An Overview
... The size of the word indicates its weight. Figure 2 also helps to see the distance between two words where the higher the distance the lesser the connectedness. For example, the word ‘football’ dominated in the research published, followed by ‘social media’. In the same analysis of the SMD issue 1 (2), the word ‘football’ was closely related to ‘organisations’ and ‘governance’, but this time it was related to ‘sport journalism’. Figure 3. Visualization of co-occurrence network ...
Sport Governance and Policy
... scholars, which posited that sport leaders often view equality as attainable only by sacrificing business interests like profit. This shift in discourse suggests a possibility for a more nuanced approach to achieving equity in sport, one that harmonises social justice imperatives with business considerations. Conclusion The compilation of seven papers explored in this review collectively unfurls a rich and intricate tapestry of scholarly contributions that significantly enhance our multi-dimensional ...
The Geography of Sport Management Research in 2023
... industry (5%), community sport/SFD (4%), and 1% each in the sector of sport media or others (Figure 1). Figure 1. The distribution of sport domains Additionally, approximately 15% of the empirical articles (63) utilized media content data, such as social media posts, to investigate research questions across various sport domains, including professional sport (25), sport events (21), collegiate athletics (6), elite sport (5), sport organizations (3), sport industry (2), and community sport/SFD (1)....
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... industry practice and policy making. 3. Reference Ellis, J. B., & Wittenbaum, G. M. (2000). Relationships between self-construal and verbal promotion. Communication Research, 27, 704–722. Hastings, G., Stead, M., & Webb, J. (2004). Fear appeals in social marketing: strategic and ethical reasons for concern, Psychology and Marketing, 21（11), 961-986. 4. Annotated bibliography Bjerke, R., & Elvekrok, I. (2021). Sponsorship-based health care programs and their impact on employees’ motivation ...
Sport Marketing and Sponsorship
... industry practice and policy making. 3. Reference Ellis, J. B., & Wittenbaum, G. M. (2000). Relationships between self-construal and verbal promotion. Communication Research, 27, 704–722. Hastings, G., Stead, M., & Webb, J. (2004). Fear appeals in social marketing: strategic and ethical reasons for concern, Psychology and Marketing, 21（11), 961-986. 4. Annotated bibliography Bjerke, R., & Elvekrok, I. (2021). Sponsorship-based health care programs and their impact on employees’ motivation ...
Sport Economics
... considerable effect heterogeneity ranging from net losses in room rentals (in Santa Clara) to a net gain in room rentals of about 63,000 (in Minneapolis). 4. Further references Agha, N. & Coates, D. (2015). A compensating differential approach to valuing the social benefits of Minor League Baseball. Contemporary Economic Policy, 33(2), 285–299. Chakravarti, P. & Boronczyk, F. (2021). Corruption and sponsor value: an event study analysis. International Journal of Sport Finance, 16(1), doi 10.32731/IJSF/161....
Sport Economics
... been considered in several prior studies. Nevertheless, most of these offered the workings of referee behavior on the determination of outcomes. For example, prior studies on referee behavior in professional football, have focused on home advantage and social pressure of the crowd, largely neglecting other factors which may be accountable to referee behavior. As with the first paper, discrimination is hypothesized here to be important in referee decisions. Previous research has explained biased their ...